Spatial Analysis of Livelihood Foundations of Mountainous Rural Settlements (Case Study: Dashtvil District)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Associate Professor, Department of Human Geography, University of Kharazmi, Tehran, Iran

2 Ph.D. student of Geography and Rural Planning, University of Kharazmi, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Introduction: Major changes in rural development thinking have occurred in the last half century and in developing countries, the approach of sustainable rural livelihood has been proposed in an effort to reduce rural poverty.
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze the livelihood foundations of rural settlements with a spatial approach.
Methodology: This research is a applied study and its method is descriptive-analytical. Data collection was done by document and field studies (survey method based on questionnaire). The statistical population includes the villages of Dashtvil District, from which 12 villages have been selected based on spatial sampling. The sample size was determined by Cochran's formula and applying it to 133 households. One-sample t-test was used to compare differences and Friedman test was used to rank the indicators. Also, the TOPSIS model was used to analyze and rank the villages, and finally, the Kriging spatial analysis method has been used to show the spatial pattern of the foundations of livelihood. Finally, the Kriging spatial analysis method has been used to show the spatial pattern of the foundations of livelihood.
Result and Discussion: The results showed that the five dimensions of livelihood capital in general are in an unfavorable situation in the studied villages. Out of these five dimensions, the dimensions of natural capital and social capital are in good condition. The results of the ranking based on Friedman test showed that the dimension of livelihood capital is in the first place, and in the ranking of indicators, vegetation is in the first place. According to the results of TOPSIS model, Chelgasar village was ranked first. The results of Kriging spatial analysis indicate that there is a spatial difference in the villages of Dashtvil district, so that the villages located in the eastern space zone are in a good condition and the villages located in the western space zone are disadvantaged.
Conclusion: There is a lack of physical, human and financial capital in the livelihood of mountain villages located in Dashtvil district. In examining the causes of this shortcoming, we can point to reasons such as limited livelihood options, earning money and living through traditional methods (dependence on livestock, limited agriculture, single-product economy).

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References

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Geographical Engineering of Territory
Volume 5, Issue 2 - Serial Number 10
September 2021
Pages 355-366

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History

  • Receive Date: 10 September 2020
  • Revise Date: 19 September 2020
  • Accept Date: 23 February 2021

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